The
final outcome was dictated by the
logistical supremacy achieved by
Montgomery to overcome the tactical superiority
of the enemy tank units and the determination of
the elite Axis formations.
On November 8, when
the retreat had already begun, the
American landings in Morocco and Algeria
distracted the new Axis armored formations in
the west that were about to intervene to help on
the Fuka line.
On November 19, the
Soviets launched Operation Uranus
and surrounded Paulus and the Sixth Army in
Stalingrad, extinguishing the Axis ambitions in
the Caucasus.
Paradoxically, in December, it will be the
Panzer Army Africa in Tunisia that will have to
face a threat on two fronts.
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